水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

为了详尽研究皇甫川流域降雨侵蚀力变化规律，基于皇甫川流域及周边15 个雨量站 1954—2004 年日降雨 资料估算降雨侵蚀力 Ｒ 值，并借助 Mann-Kendall 非参数检验法和 Kriging 空间插值法对流域 Ｒ 值时空变化特征进 行分析。结果表明:1) 皇甫川流域降雨侵蚀力 Ｒ 值与总降雨量和侵蚀性降雨量的时空变化特征大体一致，自西北 向东南逐渐增大，同时 Ｒ 值等值线自西北向东南逐渐稀疏;2) Ｒ 值年内分布十分集中， 7、 8 月 Ｒ 值之和占到全年的 72. 4%， 5—9 月 Ｒ 值占到全年的96%以上;3) 15 个站点的 Ｒ 值变化趋势不同， 9 个站点 Ｒ 值呈增大趋势，其中仅 2 个站点增大趋势显著，而其余6 个站点的 Ｒ 值呈减小趋势，其中也仅有 2 个站点减小趋势显著，对整个流域而言， 51 年间流域降雨侵蚀力 Ｒ 值与降雨量和侵蚀性降雨量变化一致，呈现不显著的减小趋势。

In order to elucidate the variation rule of rainfall erosivity ( Ｒ) in Huangfuchuan Watershed，Ｒ value was estimated from 1954 to 2004 based on the daily rainfall data of 15 precipitation stations in Huangfuchuan Watershed，and the spatial and temporal variation of Ｒ was analyzed by Mann Kendall nonparametric tests and Kriging space interpolation method． The results are shown as follows． 1) The characteristics of spatial and temporal variation of Ｒ value were generally consistent with those of total rainfall and erosive rainfall; spatially，Ｒ value decreased and the contour lines of Ｒ value thinned from southeast to northwest． 2) From the temporal point of view，Ｒ value was concentrated from May to September，Ｒ value during this period accounted for more than 96% of the total annual Ｒ value; especially from July and August，Ｒ value amounted to 72. 4% of the total annual Ｒ value． 3) Annual Ｒ value at nine stations had an increasing trend，but only at two stations such trend was significant over 51 years，while it had a deceasing trend at the other six stations and also only at two stations this decreasing trend was significant over 51 years． For the whole Huangfuchuan Watershed，the change of Ｒ value was consistent with the variation of rainfall and erosive rainfall，and showed an insignificant trend of decreasing over 51 years．