水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

土壤结皮是降雨后土壤表层普遍存在的现象。研究土壤结皮对深入认识土壤侵蚀过程与机理、完善土壤侵蚀预报
模型和防治水土流失具有重要意义。笔者在阅览大量文献的基础上，对土壤结皮的形成机理与过程、土壤结皮的结构特
征、指标、影响因素以及土壤结皮的作用等五个方面的研究成果进行了总结回顾，分析对比不同学者的研究结论，提出土壤
结皮需要进一步研究的领域。土壤结皮定性研究已经处于比较完善的阶段，动态定量观测土壤结皮发育过程与机理、影响
因子及临界值、改善结皮观测与指标测量方法、研究结皮与土壤侵蚀和农业生产的定量关系是今后应深入拓展的方向。

Soil crust is a common phenomenon of soil surface after rainfall in the arid and semi － arid region． It is a significance to not only
provide soil erosion prediction model，but also can control soil and water loss． Based on current research achievements on soil crust，the
author summarized recently researching progress of structural characteristics，indexes，influencing factors，effects and so on． This paper
analyzed and compared the research results from different scholars，found the field of the further study on soil crust． And its qualitative
research had been reached the relatively perfect stage． So，the quantitative and dynamic observation of soil crust is the directions what need
be researched deeply and widely，such as the development process and mechanism，the impact factor，the critical value，the improved
observation methods，the index measurement，the effect of soil erosion and agricultural production．