水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

生物结皮是干旱半干旱地区普遍存在的地被物，而苔藓结皮是生物结皮发育
演替的高级阶段，能够在干旱缺水、营养贫瘠、生境恶劣的环境中生长繁殖，在
促进土壤形成、改善土壤理化性质和提高土壤抗侵蚀性以及区域生态环境变化等
方面有重要作用。本论文以黄土丘陵区自然发育的苔藓结皮的优势种（长尖对齿
藓（Didymodon ditrichoides（Broth.））为研究材料，通过室内组织培养方法，采
用完全试验设计和单因素试验设计方法，研究了不同的消毒方式、培养基质及其
pH、温度、光照和糖类对长尖对齿藓原丝体生长和分化影响，以期为生物结皮
人工恢复的工程化应用提供科学依据。主要结论如下：
（1）消毒剂和消毒时间显著影响长尖对齿藓茎叶体的成活率，其中消毒剂
是主要影响因素。适合长尖对齿藓的消毒方式是 0.1% NaClO 消毒 15~20 s。
（2）培养基及其 pH 对长尖对齿藓原丝体的生长和分化有显著的影响。Knop
和 Hoagland 培养基较适合长尖对齿藓原丝体的生长，而 MS 培养基不适合。适
合长尖对齿藓原丝体生长的培养基质的 pH 是 7.5。
（3）温度和光照强度显著影响长尖对齿藓原丝体的生长和发育。通过完全
试验发现，温度是主要的影响因素。25 ℃，1500 Lx 是最适合长尖对齿藓原丝
体生长的温度和光照。
（4）葡萄糖、蔗糖以及果糖均会抑制长尖对齿藓原丝体的生长和分化。
（5）快速培育长尖对齿藓原丝体的最佳组合为：0.1% NaClO 消毒 15~20 s +
Hoagland/Knop 培养基+ pH=7.5+ 温度 25 ℃ + 光照强度 1500 Lx+ 不添加任何
糖类。
关键词：长尖对齿藓；原丝体；消毒方式；培养基；pH；温度和光照；糖类

Biological crust is a common bioactive ground coverage in arid and semi-arid regions, while
moss-dominated crusts is the advanced stage of development and succession of biological soil
crusts on Loess Region, China, which can grow in drought, poor nutrient, harsh environment
habitats, play an important role in promoting soil formation, improving soil physical and chemical
propertie and soil resistance to erosion ability and regional ecological environment changes and
other aspects. This study use the natural development moss-dominated crust, which dominant
specie is Didymodon ditrichoides（Broth.）on Loess Hilly Region as research material, through the
indoor culture method, studying the effects of different disinfection method, culture medium and
its pH, temperature,light intensity and sugar factors on the growth and differentiation of
protonema of the Didymodon ditrichoides（Broth.）by using completely and single-factor
experiment design, In order to provide scientific basis for the engineering application of artificial
restoration of biological crust .The main results are as follows:
(1) Disinfectant and disinfectant time have a significant effect on the survival rate of the
cormus of Didymodon ditrichoides, and the disinfectant is the main influencing factor. the suitable
method for disinfection of Didymodon ditrichoides is0.1% NaClO disinfection 15 ~ 20 S.
(2) The culture medium and its pH had a significant effect on the growth and differentiation
of the protonema of Didymodon ditrichoides. Knop and Hoagland culture medium were more
suitable for the growth of the protonema of Didymodon ditrichoides, while MS culture medium is
not suitable. The pH of the culture medium that is suitable for the growth of the protonema of
Didymodon ditrichoides is 7.5.
(3) The temperature and light intensity significantly affected the growth and development of
the protonema of Didymodon ditrichoides. By completely experiment design found that the
temperature was the main influencing factor. At 25 ℃, 1500 Lx is the most suitable temperature  and light intensity for the growth of the protonema of Didymodon ditrichoides.
(4) Glucose, sucrose and fructoseall all inhibit the growth and differentiation of the
protonema of Didymodon ditrichoides.
(5)The best combination for quickly culturing the protonema of Didymodon ditrichoides is:
0.1% NaClO disinfection 15 ~ 20 s + + Hoagland/Knop medium pH = 7.5 + temperature of 25 ℃
+ light intensity of 1500 Lx+ without adding any sugar.
Key words: Didymodon ditrichoides; protonema; disinfection methods; culture medium; pH;
temperature and light intensity; sugar