水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

本文以陕西省典型森林生态系统为研究对象，根据样地调查资料，结合室内
分析实验，运用合理的数据处理及分析方法，建立陕西省主要森林生态系统碳库
间的耦联关系，在此基础上估算并分析了陕西省主要森林生态系统以及植被层、
凋落物层和土壤层的固碳速率，初步探讨其固碳潜力。主要结论如下：
（1）陕西省幼龄林、中龄林和近熟林的平均固碳速率分别为 3.06、5.59 和
2.09 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ，林龄对固碳速率的影响明显，中幼龄林是陕西省森林固碳速率的
主要贡献者。植被层、凋落物层和土壤层的平均固碳速率分别为 3.38 、0.18 和
0.06 t·hm -2 ·a -1 。土壤层固碳速率远低于植被层和凋落物层。植被层和凋落物层具
有较强的固碳能力，是陕西省森林生态系统固碳速率的主要贡献者。陕西省各主
要树种的平均固碳速率依次为杨类（11.32 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ）>华山松等（4.59 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ）>
麻栎等（2.88 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ）>栓皮栎（2.52 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ）>油松（2.49 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ）>刺槐
（2.44 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ）>辽东栎（2.00 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ）>桦类（1.65 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ），阔叶林（3.72
t·hm -2 ·a -1 ）>针叶林（3.48 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ）。
（2）陕西省幼龄林、中龄林和近熟林的固碳潜力分别为 149.37、110.61 和
86.42 t·hm -2 ，林龄对固碳潜力影响明显：随着林龄的增大，固碳潜力逐渐变小。
植被层和土壤层的固碳潜力是整个森林生态系统固碳潜力的主要部分，分别为
59.63、54.17 t·hm -2 ，占整个生态系统固碳潜力的 50.8%、46.1%。陕西省主要森
林生态系统的固碳潜力由大到小依次为杨类（216.91 t·hm -2 ）、栓皮栎（139.04
t·hm -2 ）、华山松等（107.11 t·hm -2 ）、辽东栎（102.10 t·hm -2 ）、桦类（96.94 t·hm -2 ）、
麻栎等（95.54 t·hm -2 ）、刺槐（92.50 t·hm -2 ）和油松（89.37 t·hm -2 ）。
（3）陕西省中幼龄林的固碳能力强于近熟林，但是近熟林的固碳能力不可忽
略，应加强对近熟林的抚育管理，合理采伐，以增强其固碳能力。植被层固碳速
率明显高于凋落物和土壤层，固碳潜力与土壤层相差不大但明显高于凋落物层，
植被层的固碳能力要强于土壤层和凋落物层，植被层是陕西省森林生态系统固碳
能力的主要贡献者。关键词：陕西省；森林生态系统；固碳速率；固碳潜力

The study aims to estimate carbon sequestration rate and potential of typical
forests in Shaanxi, through field investigation, laboratory analysis and data processing
analysis. We established coupled relationships between cabon pools of arbor layer and
undergrowth vegetation layer, vegetation layer and litter layer, aboveground layer and
soil layer in major forest ecosystems in Shaanxi. Besides, we explored their carbon
sequestration potentials initialily.The main results were as follows.
(1) The average carbon sequestration rates of the young forest, middle-aged forest
and near-mature forest were 3.06 , 5.59 and 2.09 t·hm -2 ·a -1 , respectively. The average
carbon sequestration rates of vegetation layer, litter layer and soil layer were 3.38,
0.18 and 0.06 t·hm -2 ·a -1 , respectively. The carbon sequestration rate of soil layer was
lower than vegetation layer and litter layer, which had a strong carbon sequestration
capacity and were the main contributors to carbon sequestration of forest ecosystems.
The average carbon sequestration rates of major forest types in Shaanxi manifested as:
Populus spp (11.32 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ) > P.armandii et al (4.59 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ) > Quercus
acutissima Carruth et al (2.88 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ) > Quercus variabilis (2.52 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ) >
Pinus tabulaefomis (2.49 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ) > Robinia pseudoacacia (2.44 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ) >
Quercus liaotungensis (2.00 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ) > Betula spp (1.65 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ), Broad-leaf
forest (3.72 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ) > Coniferous forest (3.48 t·hm -2 ·a -1 ).
(2) The average carbon sequestration potentials of the young forest, middle-aged
forest and near-mature forest were 149.37 , 110.61 and 86.42 t·hm -2 , respectively. The
carbon sequestration potential decreased gradually as stand age increased. The carbon
sequestration potentials of the vegetation layer and the soil layer were 59.63 and
54.17 t·hm -2 , accounted for 50.8% and 46.1% of that of the entire forest ecosystem.
The carbon sequestration potential of major forest types in Shaanxi manifested as:
Populus spp (216.91 t·hm -2 ) > Quercus variabilis (139.04 t·hm -2 ) > P.armandii et al
(107.11 t·hm -2 ) > Quercus liaotungensis (102.10 t·hm -2 ) > Betula spp (96.94 t·hm -2 ) >
Quercus acutissima Carruth et al (95.54 t·hm -2 ) > Robinia pseudoacacia (92.50
t·hm -2 ) > Pinus tabulaefomis (89.37 t·hm -2 ).
(3)The carbon sequestraition capacities of the near-mature forest was lower than
that of the young forest and the middle-aged forest, but its carbon sequestration  capacity cannot be ignored. In order to enhance the ability to sequester carbon, we
should strengthen the management of the near-mature forests, such as harvest
reasonably. The carbon sequestration rate of the vegetation layer was higher than that
of the litter layer and the soil layer significantly. Meanwhile, the carbon sequestration
potential of the vegetation layer was higher than that of the litter layer respectively.
The carbon sequestration capacity of the vegetation layer was the strongest among
different forest ecosystem layers.
Keywords: Shaanxi province, forest ecosystems, carbon sequestration rate, carbon
sequestration potential