| 其他摘要 | The development of the coal resource plays an important role in social
construction and economic development, but a series of environmental problems had
happened at the same time. The coal is important but non-renewable, so the
sustainable development of the coal mining area has been paid more attention.
Shenmu is the coal accumulated centre of the Shenfu Dongsheng Jurassic coalfield.
With its high quality coal, Shenmu has become a typical mining county and the
largest coal producer in China’s counties. In the paper, ecological footprint, which is a
commonly quantitative method to measure sustainable development in the world, was
used to research the sustainable development of the mining area, with Shenmu as an
example.
In the paper, we calculated the ecological footprint and biocapacity of the
Shenmu County from 2004 to 2009, and analyzed its sustainable development present
situation and the change of these years; Then the paper analysed energy footprint in
order to find the influence factors and control its ecological footprint; After that, the
paper explored the possibilities of building nonrenewable resources ecological
compensation fund using ecological footprint model and ecological compensation
theories; At last, based on the results of analysis, some measures for the sustainable
development of Shenmu County were suggested. The main results were summarized
as follows:
(1)The results showed: In 2009, the ecological footprint was 20.075ha per capita
（It is 14 times biocapacity）when the total energy consumption (energy consumption
coming from industrial and non-industrial production) was used to calculate the
ecological footprints, whereas the ecological surplus was 0.091 ha per capita when the
non-industrial energy consumption was used. The ecological deficit was mainly derived from the industrial energy consumption, and that energy was provided by
Shenmu County but consumed outside of it. This means the ecological footprints of
Shenmu County were shifted from the outside.
(2) The results showed that the ecological deficit increased from 2.092ha/cap (It
is 1.5 times biocapacity) to 20.185 ha/cap (It is 15.3 times biocapacity), and the
proportion of energy footprint increased from 73.7% to 93.8%. Shenmu County is a
mining county. The huge ecological deficit and the high proportion of energy footprint
should be paid high attention by the local government.
(3) Energy footprint indexes showed that the dependence and sensitivity degree
of the economic development to energy became better after the year of 2006 in
Shenmu County. Energy footprint factor decomposition model indicated that energy
footprint was mainly affected by the effect of economic development, the intensity of
energy has offset a little of the ecological hazard due to economic development after
the year of 2006, and the structure of energy has barely changed during these years.
The ecological pressure of Shenmu County was mainly from the rapid growth of GDP
and the expanding size of the economy.
(4) Energy footprint is the main component of the per capita ecological footprint
of Shenmu. The correlation degree of coke production and the energy footprint is
0.919 by using Grey Correlation Degree. In a multiple stepwise regression analysis,
only the coke production was positive predictors of the pre capita energy footprint.
Regression equation is y=3.348+3.24×10-6x (y: the per capita energy footprint, x: the
coke production). The main influence of energy footprint is the coke production. The
main influence of the per capita ecological footprint is the per capita energy footprint.
So the main influence of the per capita ecological footprint is the coke production.
Key Words: ecological footprint; sustainable development; energy footprint;
ecological deficit; ecological compensation |
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