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降雨和坡度对坡面水流阻力规律影响研究
王俊杰1; 张宽地1,2; 龚家国3; 杨帆1; 马小玲1
2016
发表期刊灌溉排水学报
卷号35期号:5页码:43-49
摘要

为探明降雨条件下坡面薄层水流阻力特性,分析雨强对坡面流阻力的综合作用,以流体力学和水力学基本
理论为依据,通过5个坡度和8个流量、4个雨强组合条件下的模拟降雨试验,系统研究了降雨条件下坡面薄层水
流阻力规律。结果表明:相同雨强条件下,阻力系数随着坡度的增加呈现先增加后减小的趋势,随着流量、水深的
增大而逐渐减小,最终稳定在0.025左右;相同坡度下,坡面薄层水流的阻力系数随着降雨强度、放水流量的增大
而减小;降雨强度在一定程度上影响阻力系数与弗汝德数幂函数关系的离散性。在本试验条件下,薄层水流都处
于“层流”和“过渡流”的流区,并且随着坡度的增大,薄层水流向“层流”转捩。在考虑雨强的情况下,给出了计入雨
强影响的裸坡条件下坡面流阻力的计算公式。

其他摘要

Effects of different fertilization patterns on organic matter,available N,P,K and inorganic
phosphorus contents of upper soil were studied through twenty years long-term fertilization experiment,
which was carried out in Guiyang experiment station Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences.Results
showed that soil organic matter,available N,P,K and inorganic phosphorus contents increased in M (organic
fertilization),NPK(nitrogen phosphorus and potassium fertilization)and NPKM (organic and inorganic
fertilizers mixed)treatments,and soil organic matter,available N and K increased significantly in the
M treatment.Soil available P content in the NPKM treatment was the highest.Fertilization mainly increased
the content of O-P,Al-P and Fe-P.Under the long-term application condition of M,NPK or
NPKM,the components pool of inorganic phosphorus increased compared with before experiment.Concentrations
of inorganic P fractions followed the order:O-P>Fe-P>Al-P、Ca10-P>Ca2-P>Ca8-P,with
Ca2-P and Ca8-P providing the highest contribution to available P.The coefficients of correlation between
soil available P and Ca2-P and Ca8-P were more than 0.681.It was found that the contribution of Ca2-P、
Ca8-P and Fe-P to available P was the maximum in the yellow soil through regression analysis.Therefore,
in order to enhance the utilization ratio of P fertilizer and to improve supply capacity of soil phosphorus,
and to make it more favorable to sustainable agricultural development,a combination of organic and inorganic
fertilizers should be applied.

关键词雨强 阻力系数 坡面流
收录类别中文核心期刊要目总览
语种中文
文献类型期刊论文
条目标识符sbir.nwafu.edu.cn/handle/361005/8748
专题水保所知识产出(1956---)
作者单位1.西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院
2.中国科学院水利部 水土保持研究所/黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室
3.中国水利科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
王俊杰,张宽地,龚家国,等. 降雨和坡度对坡面水流阻力规律影响研究[J]. 灌溉排水学报,2016,35(5):43-49.
APA 王俊杰,张宽地,龚家国,杨帆,&马小玲.(2016).降雨和坡度对坡面水流阻力规律影响研究.灌溉排水学报,35(5),43-49.
MLA 王俊杰,et al."降雨和坡度对坡面水流阻力规律影响研究".灌溉排水学报 35.5(2016):43-49.
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