水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

退耕还林( 草) 工程是黄土高原生态治理的主要举措，为认识黄土丘陵区十几年来参与退耕的农
户特征变化，文中对2001 年退耕还林( 草) 工程试点初期陕西省安塞县的149 户调查农户进行了跟踪回访
( 2015 年) ，对比分析了15 年来农户搬离情况、农户劳动力结构、耕地和养殖情况、家庭收入情况、退耕态度等
的变化特征。分析表明: 近15 年来，离开农村生活的农户增加，非农业劳动力比例和数量增加，非农业收入增
加很快，退耕农户表现出明显的向非农化转变特征，整体收入结构好转; 但退耕农户之间收入差异增加，农业
生产的专业化分工特征明显; 与初期相比，退耕农户的生态保护意识特征趋于淡化，对补贴款发放期限和强度
期望提高，停止补贴后有复耕意向的农户有所增加。

The Grain for Green Project ( GGP) plays a very important rule in the ecological restoration of the Loess
Plateau． We investigated 149 households involved in GGP in 2001 ( the beginning of the GGP) again with
the similar questionnaires in 2015 for better understanding of the characteristic change of households in the loess
hilly － gully region． We analyzed the households by compared the 15 － year characteristic changes in terms of the
households to move out situation，labor structure，cultivated land and breeding situation，family income，the attitude
to the GGP． The non － agriculturalization change within the recent 15 years was obvious; More farmers involved
in GGp left the village and the labors for agriculture became less． The non － agricultural income of the
households increased rapidly and the overall income structure was improved． The economic difference among the
investigated households enlarged，and more households relied on more professional agricultural industries than
traditional crops． Unfortunately，fewer households paid attention the ecological protection with a higher expectation
on subsidies of GGP，and more people reclaimed they would re － cultivate the restored lands after the ending
of the subsidies from the government．