神府东胜煤田弃土弃渣体径流产沙过程的野外试验

ISWC OpenIR > 水保所知识产出(1956---)

	神府东胜煤田弃土弃渣体径流产沙过程的野外试验
其他题名	A field experiment of runoff and sediment yielding processes from residues in Shenfu-Dongsheng
	李建明; 王文龙; 王贞; 罗婷; 李宏伟; 金剑
	2013
发表期刊	应用生态学报
卷号	24 期号:12 页码:3534-3545
摘要	采用野外模拟降雨试验方法,研究了神府东胜煤田开采造成的弃土弃渣体产流产沙规律及其减水减沙效益.结果表明:随降雨强度的增大,弃土弃渣体产流的起始时间呈递减趋势,且差异达几倍至十几倍.弃渣体比弃土体更快到达稳定流速,平均流速大小为弃土体>沙多石少弃渣体>沙少石多弃渣体.弃土弃渣体产流6 min后的径流率达到稳定,与降雨强度呈显著相关.弃土弃渣体侵蚀主要发生在产流开始后的前6 min,弃土体产流后前6 min的平均含沙量是6 min后的0.43~4.27倍,弃渣体为1.43~54.93倍.弃土体和沙多石少弃渣体径流量与降雨强度呈线性函数关系,沙少石多弃渣体呈幂函数关系.弃土体和沙少石多弃渣体的次侵蚀量与降雨强度之间分别呈指数函数和幂函数相关.弃土体侵蚀量与径流量呈线性函数关系.在降雨强度为1.0和1.5 mm·min-1条件下,弃渣体采用鱼鳞坑及植被防护的产流滞后降雨时间为24 min,减水效益为29.5%~52.9%,减沙效益为85.7%~97.9%.
其他摘要	The processes of runoff and sediment yields from and the benefits of water and sediment reductions by the residues produced in the Shenfu-Dongsheng Coalfield were investigated by a simulated field rainfall experiment． The runoff generation time generally presented a decreasing trend with increasing rainfall intensity，but varied widely with the change of residue compositions．Ｒunoff from the slag reached a steady velocity faster than that from the spoil，and the average velocities of runoff from the residues were gradually decreased in the spoil，the slag with more sand and less stone，and the slag with less sand and more stone．Ｒunoff rates for the residues reached a steady rate 6 min after runoff generation，and were significantly correlated with the rainfall intensities． Erosion on the residues mainly occurred in the first 6 min after runoff generation． Average sediment concentrations in the first 6 min were 0． 43 － 4． 27 times of those thereafter for the spoil，and 1． 43 － 54． 93 times for the slag． The runoff volume was a linear function of the rainfall intensity for the spoil and the slag with more sand and less stone，and was a power function of rainfall intensity for the slag with less sand and more stone． The relationships between single erosion and rainfall intensity for the spoil and the slag with less sand and more stone can be described by exponential and power functions，respectively． For the spoil，the erosion rate was a linear function of the runoff volume． When fish-scale pits and vegetation coverage were adopted on the surface of the slag，the generation of runoff lagged 24 min behind initial rainfall applications at intensities of 1． 0 and 1． 5 mm· min － 1，and the runoff and sediment yields were reduced by 29． 5% － 52． 9% and 85． 7% － 97． 9%，respectively．
关键词	弃土弃渣体 Residues 野外降雨试验 Simulated Field Rainfall Experiment 产流 Runoff Yield 产沙 Sediment Yield 减水减沙 Water And 神府东胜煤田
语种	中文
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	sbir.nwafu.edu.cn/handle/361005/5591
专题	水保所知识产出(1956---)
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李建明,王文龙,王贞,等. 神府东胜煤田弃土弃渣体径流产沙过程的野外试验[J]. 应用生态学报,2013,24(12):3534-3545.
APA	李建明,王文龙,王贞,罗婷,李宏伟,&金剑.(2013).神府东胜煤田弃土弃渣体径流产沙过程的野外试验.应用生态学报,24(12),3534-3545.
MLA	李建明,et al."神府东胜煤田弃土弃渣体径流产沙过程的野外试验".应用生态学报 24.12(2013):3534-3545.

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