水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

As a fiber crop and oil crop, cotton plays an important role in the economic development of northwest China, but
the lack of appropriate field water and fertilizer management strategies has restricted the harmonious devel-
opment of cotton industry and environment. Field experiments were implemented to explore the coupling effects
of various drip irrigation and fertilizer levels on the dry matter, yield, water and fertilizer use efficiency of cotton.
The three drip irrigation levels included 1.0 ET C (full irrigation), 0.8 ET C (20% deficit) and 0.6 ET C (40% deficit),
where ET C is the crop evapotranspiration. The five fertilizer (N-P-K) levels were F 1 (150–26.2–24.9 kg ha −1 ), F 2
(200–34.9–33.2 kg ha −1 ), F 3 (250–43.7–41.5 kg ha −1 ), F 4 (300–52.4–49.8 kg ha −1 ) and F 5 (350–61.1–58.1 kg
ha −1 ). The results revealed that the seed cotton yield and lint yield showed increasing trends as the irrigation
water amount increased at the same fertilizer level during 2012–2014. When full irrigation (1.0 ET C ) was
applied, the dry matter accumulation, seed cotton yield, N, P and K accumulation in plants and water produc-
tivity were the highest under F 4 (300–52.4–49.8 kg ha −1 ) in 2012 and 2014. However, the lint yield was highest
in 2012 and 2013 under F 3 (250–43.7–41.5 kg ha −1 ). At the same irrigation level, N, P and K use efficiencies
were higher at low fertilization rates than those at high fertilization rates in 2012 and 2013. Deficit irrigation and
fertilization levels led to a severe decrease in cotton yield. N, P and K use efficiencies were low under F 4 .
Comprehensively considering cotton yield, N, P and K uptake and use efficiency, the application of irrigation
amount of 1.0 ET C and N-P-K rate of 250–43.7–41.5 kg ha −1 was the best drip fertigation strategy for cotton
production in arid regions of northwest China.