水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

Check-dams are the most important
measure to control the soil and water loss in highly
erodible catchments on the Chinese Loess Plateau.
Based on the data of check-dams from 1950 to 2014,
our study roundly analyzed the regional distribution,
function and the problems of check-dams on the
Loess Plateau. A total of 17,094 check-dams with a
storage capacity of over 100,000 m 3 and an average
density of 0.027 counts km −2 were installed on the
Loess Plateau. Check-dams’ densities varied greatly in
the Qinghai Province, Gansu Province, Ningxia Hui
Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous
Region, Shaanxi Province, Shanxi Province and
Henan Province. The highest density of check-dams
reached 0.088 counts km −2 in Shaanxi Province,
whereas the lowest density of check-dams was only
0.005 counts km −2 in Qinghai Province. However,
after decades of operation, 3025 large check-dams
and 2257 medium check dams are dangerous and
have security risks, which are seriously threatening
downstream safety. The dangerous rate of check-
dams is high. Specifically, the check-dams in Shanxi
and Qinghai Province have the highest dangerous
rates, with both exceeding 53%. Therefore, there is an
urgent need for carrying out reinforcement of the
dangerous check-dams. The results are helpful to
policymakers to extend and develop check-dams.