| 黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区藓结皮覆盖土壤的蒸发特征 |
| 李渊博1,2; 李胜龙1,2; 肖波1,2,3; 王芳芳1,2
|
| 2020
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发表期刊 | 水土保持学报
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卷号 | 34期号:4页码:208-215 |
摘要 | 土壤蒸发是地表水分平衡及能量交换的组成部分,是干旱和半干旱区水文循环的关键环节。为探究
黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区生物结皮对土壤蒸发的影响,以风沙土和黄绵土上发育的藓结皮为研究对象,通
过模拟蒸发试验和自然蒸发试验,测定了不同蒸发条件下藓结皮覆盖土壤和无结皮土壤的蒸发强度,分析
了藓结皮覆盖土壤的蒸发特征及其与无结皮土壤的差异。结果表明:( 1 )模拟蒸发试验中,藓结皮对土壤
蒸发过程的影响表现出明显的阶段性,与无结皮土壤相比,藓结皮使土壤蒸发强度在大气蒸发力控制阶段
降低了3. 04%~15. 46% ( 0.
21~1. 05mm / d ),在土壤导水率控制阶段增加了32. 26%~187. 07% ( 0. 58~
2. 54mm / d ),在水汽扩散控制阶段增加了 12. 91%~87. 73% ( 0. 05~0. 34mm / d );土壤累积蒸发量大小表
现为藓结皮覆盖土壤 > 无结皮土壤。( 2 )自然蒸发试验中, 6 月 16 日至 9 月 3 日,无降雨时藓结皮覆盖土
壤和无结皮土壤的蒸发速率均较低,藓结皮覆盖土壤的日平均蒸发量是无结皮土壤的 1. 12~1. 42 倍,自然
降雨后二者的蒸发速率快速增加,降雨后土壤蒸发量是降雨前的 2. 20~8. 55 倍;在 8 月 10 — 22 日观测期
内,藓结皮在雨后增加了土壤含水量,并对土壤蒸发起到促进作用,藓结皮覆盖土壤的累积蒸发量显著提
高了 19. 22%~64. 09% ( F =21. 85 , P <0. 01 )。研究表明,藓结皮覆盖增加了风沙土和黄绵土的水分蒸发
强度,可能会对黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区土壤水分保持产生不利影响。 |
其他摘要 | Soil evaporation is an important component of soil water balance and energy exchange , and it is al -
so a key link in the hydrological cycle in arid and semi
- arid region.In this study , the evaporation rates of the
biocrusts and non - crusted soil developed on aeolian sandy soil and loessal soil were measured under simulated
and natural conditions by using micro - lysimeters in the wind - water erosion crisscross region on the Loess
Plateau of China , the differences of biocrusts soil and non - crusted soil evaporation characteristics were
analyzed , and the soil bulk density , soil particle distribution , and organic matter were determined.The
results showed that :( 1 ) The process of evaporation could be clearly divided into three stages under simula -
ted evaporation experiment.As compared with non - crusted soil , biocrusts soil decreased the evaporation rate
by
3.04% ~ 15.46% ( 0.21 ~ 1.05 mm / day ) at atmospheric evaporation control stage ; while it was
increased by 32.
26% ~187. 07% ( 0. 58~2. 54mm / day ) at soil hydraulic conductivity control stage , and by
12. 91%to 87. 73% ( 0. 05~0. 34mm / day ) at vapor diffusion control stage , in addition , the cumulative soil
evaporation was expressed as biocrusts soil higher than non - crusted soil under simulated evaporation experi -
ment. ( 2 ) Moreover , the evaporation rate of biocrusts and non - crusted soil was low under natural evapora tion conditions from June 16to September 3 , and the daily average evaporation of biocrusts soil was 1. 12~
1. 42times that of non - crusted soil.The evaporation rates of biocrusts soil and non - crusted soil increased
rapidly after rainfall.Furthermore
, the soil evaporation amount after rainfall was 2.20 ~ 8.55times that
before rainfall , biocrusts increased soil water content after rain and promoted soil evaporation.In addition ,
biocrusts significantly increased soil cumulative evaporation (
F =21. 85 , P <0. 01 ) from August 10to August
22.Our experiments indicated that biocrusts significantly enhance the evaporation of aeolian and loessal soil
,
which may play adverse effects on soil moisture retention in the wind
- water erosion crisscross region on the
Loess Plateau of China.It is , therefore , essential to pay high attention to the effects of biocrust covering on
soil evaporation and take necessary methods on the Loess Plateau of China. |
关键词 | 生物结皮
土壤蒸发
风沙土
黄绵土
黄土高原
|
收录类别 | 中文核心期刊要目总览
|
语种 | 中文
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文献类型 | 期刊论文
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条目标识符 | sbir.nwafu.edu.cn/handle/361005/9998
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专题 | 水保所知识产出(1956---)
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作者单位 | 1.中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院 2.黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室 3.农业部华北耕地保育重点实验室
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推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 |
李渊博,李胜龙,肖波,等. 黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区藓结皮覆盖土壤的蒸发特征[J]. 水土保持学报,2020,34(4):208-215.
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APA |
李渊博,李胜龙,肖波,&王芳芳.(2020).黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区藓结皮覆盖土壤的蒸发特征.水土保持学报,34(4),208-215.
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MLA |
李渊博,et al."黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区藓结皮覆盖土壤的蒸发特征".水土保持学报 34.4(2020):208-215.
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文件名:
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黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区藓结皮覆盖土壤的蒸发特征_李渊博.pdf
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Adobe PDF
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