水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

【 目的 】 探究低压滴灌施肥条件下温度对滴头堵塞的影响。【方法】采用短周期间歇灌水试验方法，考虑
温度、运行压力、肥料质量浓度等因素，展开完全随机试验，研究滴头堵塞过程，寻求适宜的加肥质量浓度阈值。
【结果】温度越高、运行压力越大、加肥质量浓度越低滴头堵塞风险越小；温度 40 ℃时，运行压力 50 kPa、加
肥质量浓度 3 g/L 的处理具有最高的平均相对流量、均匀度系数以及最低的堵塞率；不同温度下加肥质量浓度阈
值不同，温度 10、20、30、40 ℃时加肥质量浓度阈值分别为 4、5、7 和 8 g/L。【结论】升高温度、提高运行压
力、降低加肥质量浓度能有效降低滴头堵塞风险；升高温度还能提高加肥质量浓度阈值及水流携带固体颗粒的能
力，但升高温度对滴头堵塞风险的降低程度随着压力的升高而减弱。

【Background】Drip fertigation is an effective way to concurrently replenish water and nutrients to meet
the demand of crops, and precising fertigation can improve water and fertilizer use efficiency. As the key component
in drip irrigation system, the emitter is to dissipate the pressurized water ensuring that water is supplied to the root
zone uniformly and steadily. However, the emitter is also susceptible to clogging due to its narrow channel through
which water flows. Emitter clogging is affected by many factors and what is less understood is the role of
temperature.【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to experimentally investigate the effects of temperature on
emitter clogging in low-pressure drip fertigation system.【Method】 Using a short-cycle intermittent irrigation test
method, a completely randomized experiment considering temperature, operating pressure and fertilizer
concentration was conducted to study emitter clogging in attempts to find a threshold fertilizer concentration beyond
which the emitter is susceptible to clogging.【Result】Rising temperature and operating pressure while lowing
fertilizer concentration reduced the risk of emitter clogging. When the working pressure was 50 kPa and fertilizerconcentration was 3 g/L, the dripping rate of the emitter peaked at temperature 40 ℃, the clogging rate was the least
and the irrigation uniformity was the highest. The threshold fertilizer concentration varied with temperature, being 4
g/L, 5 g/L, 7 g/L and 8 g/L when the temperature was 10 ℃, 20 ℃, 30 ℃ and 40 ℃ respectively. 【Conclusion】
Rising temperature and operating pressure, along with reducing fertilizer concentration, can effectively reduce the
risk of emitter clogging. While rising temperature increased the threshold of fertilizer concentration and the ability of
the water to carry solid particles, the efficacy of rising temperature in alleviating emitter clogging decreased as water
pressure increased.