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不同雨强下各生育期玉米坡耕地的侵蚀产沙研究
赵娅君1; 吴发启2; 徐宁1; 曹博召1
2020
发表期刊水土保持通报
卷号40期号:6页码:23-35
摘要

[目的]研究玉米作物对坡耕地的防蚀效果,为黄土高原坡 面 水 土 流 失 防 治 提 供 科 学 依 据。
[方法]采用室外人工模拟降雨试验,分析玉米在幼苗期、拔节初期、拔节中期、拔节后期、抽雄期5个不同
生育期对坡耕地侵蚀产沙量和过程的影响。[结果] ① 随着玉米作物生长,它对坡面产流产沙的抵御作用
增强,幼苗期效果微弱,抽雄期最盛,抽雄期相比裸地可减少48.5%径流量和73.7%产沙量。不同生长阶
段玉米作物的减沙效果优于减流效果。 ② 降雨的产流产沙过程呈现不断波动趋势,玉米作物使初始产流产
沙时间延迟,稳定产流产沙阶段平均产流产沙量下降。雨强从40mm / h增加到80mm / h使产流产沙量增
长率大于100% ,径流系数和含沙量均增加,侵蚀过程更加剧烈。 ③ 叶面积指数与不同生育期玉米地坡面
的土壤流失比率有较好的指数相关关系,可使用叶面积指数来估算不同生育期玉米地坡面的土壤流失比
率,为估算年植被覆盖与管理因子 C 值奠定基础。[结论]随着玉米生长,其防蚀效果增强,但幼苗期和拔
节初期侵蚀严重,需采取辅助措施防治水土流失。雨强增加使玉米和裸地条件下侵蚀产沙更为严重。

其他摘要

[ Objective ] The anti - erosion effects of corn on slope farmland was studied in order to provide a
theoretical basis for the prevention and control of soil erosion on slope farmland in the Loess Plateau region.
[ Methods ] An outdoor artificial simulated rain test was conducted to analyze the effects of corn on the runoff
and sediment production and erosion process on slope farmland at five different growth stages , such as
seedling stage , early jointing
stage , mid - joint stage , late jointing stage , and tasseling stage. [ Results ]
① With the growth of crops , the resistance of corn to runoff and sediment yield increased , this effect was the
weakest in the seedling stage and the strongest in the tasseling
stage.Compared with bare land , the average
runoff and sediment yield of corn plot decreased by 48.5%and 73.7%respectively.The sediment reduction
effect of corn in different growth stages was better than that of runoff reduction effect.② The process of
runoff and sediment yield showed a continuous fluctuation trend.Corn crops delyaed the initial time of runoff
and sediment yield , and the average runoff and sediment yield decreased in stable runoff and sediment yield
stage.When rainfall intensity increased from 40mm
/ h to 80mm / h , the increase rate of runoff and sediment
yield was more than 100% , the runoff coefficient and sediment concentration increased , and the erosion
process became more severe.③ There was a good exponential correlation between leaf area index and soilloss ratio of corn slope at different growth stages.The leaf area index could be used to estimate the soil loss
ratio of corn slope in different growth periods , which laid a foundation for estimating annual vegetation cover
and management factor C value. [ Conclusion ] With the growth of corn , the anti - erosion effect of corn is
enhanced , but the erosion is serious at seedling stage and early jointing stage , auxiliary measures should be
taken to prevent soil and water erosion.The increase of rainfall intensity makes the erosion and sediment
yield more serious under various underlying surface conditions.

关键词玉米 坡耕地 产流产沙 土壤流失比率 黄土高原
收录类别中文核心期刊要目总览
语种中文
文献类型期刊论文
条目标识符sbir.nwafu.edu.cn/handle/361005/9906
专题水保所知识产出(1956---)
作者单位1.西北农林科技大学 水土保持研究所
2.西北农林科技大学 资源环境学院
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
赵娅君,吴发启,徐宁,等. 不同雨强下各生育期玉米坡耕地的侵蚀产沙研究[J]. 水土保持通报,2020,40(6):23-35.
APA 赵娅君,吴发启,徐宁,&曹博召.(2020).不同雨强下各生育期玉米坡耕地的侵蚀产沙研究.水土保持通报,40(6),23-35.
MLA 赵娅君,et al."不同雨强下各生育期玉米坡耕地的侵蚀产沙研究".水土保持通报 40.6(2020):23-35.
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