Leaf venation decides water transport capacity，while stomatal traits are closely related
with water loss． How leaf venation is coordinated with stomatal traits is fundamental to probe the
relationship between physiological functions related with water use and their adjustment． Taking
winter wheat as an example，we studied leaf vein traits and their relationship with stomatal traits
of 15 winter wheat varieties (lines)． Density of small longitudinal veins accounted for 65． 8% of
total leaf vein density． Distance between small longitudinal veins was significantly and positively
related with distance between large longitudinal veins and distance between transverse veins．
Density of large longitudinal veins and small longitudinal veins were negatively correlated with
their distance． Stomatal size on both surfaces was similar，but leaf adaxial surface had a higher
stomatal density． Stomatal length，width and density on the adaxial surface were positively related
with those on the abaxial surface，a tradeoff relation was found between stomatal length and density
for both surfaces． Small longitudinal veins and transverse veins were closely related withstomatal traits，but it was not so for large longitudinal veins． Leaf vein density was positively related
with stomatal density on the abaxial surface and total stomatal density，but negatively related
with stomatal length on the adaxial surface． These results demonstrated the structural basis of
the coordination between leaf water supply and demand in different wheat varieties (lines)．
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