水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

探明黄土高原淤地坝的土壤水分和浅层地下水时空分布规律。【方法】依据电阻率成像法，利用高
密度电法仪在陕西省神木市六道沟小流域2 座淤地坝内布置多条测线测定了土壤电阻率分布，结合实测土壤含水率
与浅层地下水位，探究淤地坝浅层地下水空间分布特征并估算其储量。【结果】土壤电阻率与土壤含水率呈显著幂函
数关系（P<0.05），土壤电阻率随深度增加而减小，而浅表层土壤含水率随着深度的增加而逐渐增大，存在分层现象。
从沟头至沟尾，A、B 坝地的浅层地下水埋深逐渐增大，浅层地下水储量呈沟尾大于沟头而中部最小的分布规律，
且具有季节性变化的特征，冬末至次年夏季为土壤含水率消耗期，夏末秋初为蓄积期，夏季的储水量最小，其值分
别为85 949、94 196 m3，冬季的储水量值达到最大，其值分别为93 486、99 309 m3。【结论】黄土高原淤地坝储存
了一定的水量，并有明显的季节波动，未来应重视这部分水资源的调蓄利用。

Soil water distribution in check dams is an important factor affecting
agricultural production and ecological environment reconstruction in arid and semi-arid areas. The objective of this
paper is to explore the spatiotemporal change in soil moisture and shallow groundwater in the check dams in the
loess plateau of China.【Method】Soil moisture distribution was measured using the electrical resistivity tomography,
in which several baselines were set up to measure the soil resistivity in two check dams at Liudaogou, Shenmu.
Using the measured soil moisture and depth of shallow groundwater table, we analyzed the spatiotemporal change in
shallow groundwater table as well as water storage in the aquifers.【Result】There was a significant power-law
relationship between soil resistivity and soil moisture content with P<0.05. Soil resistivity decreased downwards
along the soil depth due to the decrease in soil moisture. From the gully head to the gully tail, the depth of shallow
groundwater table in both dams increased, while storage of the groundwater declined first and then started to
increase after passing the middle of the gully. Soil lost water from early winter to summer, while gained water from
late summer to early autumn. The groundwater storage reached its lowest point in summer with its value ranging
from 85 949 to 93 486 m3, and peaked in winter with its value ranging from 94 196 to 99 309 m3. 【Conclusion】
Water exists in the check dams and the shallow groundwater in it changes seasonally. Coordinating use of this type
of water resource could ameliorate temporary water shortage.