水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

探索合理的设施番茄水肥一体化滴灌系统模式和设计方法。【方法】以设施番茄为研究对象，通过
设置滴灌毛管布置方式（T1（1 管1 行）、T2（1 管2 行）、T3（1 管3 行））、灌水量（W1（50% ET0）、W2（70% ET0）、
W3（90% ET0））和施氮量（N1（120 kg/hm2）、N2（180 kg/hm2）、N3（240 kg/hm2））3 因素3 水平试验，研究了番
茄生长发育及产量指标对水氮供应的响应。【结果】灌水量和施氮量对番茄株高、茎粗、叶面积指数、光合作用、叶
绿素量及产量均有显著影响。植株株高、茎粗、光合作用和产量随灌水量和施氮量的增加而增加，但在生育后期N2
水平株高和茎粗最大，灌水因素对株高、茎粗和产量的影响大于施氮因素；各处理叶面积指数最大差异出现在结果
初期，最大值（T1 W2N2 处理）最小值（T3 W2N1 处理）相差2.57；影响叶片叶绿素量的施氮因素大于灌水因素，
中水（W2）、中肥（N2）叶绿素SPAD 值最高，在结果初期达66.2；不同滴灌毛管布置方式影响最小，均无极显著
差异。【结论】适宜的灌水量和施氮量不仅有利于番茄的生长，还能获得较高产量。毛管布置方式为T2（1 管2 行）、
灌水量W2（70% ET0）、施氮量N3（N 240 kg/hm2），其番茄植株生长发育最好，经济产量最高（107 104.0 kg/hm2）。

】Tomato is one of the most consumed vegetables in the world and is often grown in
greenhouse to bridge the seasonal production gap. Drip fertigation is commonly used in greenhouse tomato
production as it not only saves water and fertilizer but could also improve tomato yield and quality.【Objective】The
objective of this paper is to experimentally explore the drip fertigation system most suitable for greenhouse tomato
production. 【Method】 The experiment of drip fertigation was carried out in a dry-land greenhouse and considered
three factors: layout of the drip pipeline, irrigation and nitrogen application. We compared three pipeline layouts: one
lateral line for each row (T1), one lateral line between two rows (T2), one lateral line between three rows (T3); three
irrigation levels: 50% ET0 (W1), 70% ET0 (W2) and 90% ET0 (W3); and three nitrogen levels: 20 kg/hm2(N1), 180
kg/hm2(N2) and 240 kg/hm2(N3).【Result】Both irrigation and fertilization affected plant height, stem diameter, leaf
area index, photosynthesis, chlorophyll content and yield. Plant height, stem diameter, photosynthesis and yield
increased with both irrigation amount and nitrogen application, especially the former two under N2 at later growth
stage. Irrigation impacted plant height, stem diameter and fruit yield more than the nitrogen did, and the maximum
difference in leaf area index between the treatment was at the beginning of the fruiting stage, with the difference
between the maximum in T1+W2+N2 and the minimum in T3+W2+N1 being 2.57. In contrast, nitrogen application
affected the chlorophyll content more than the irrigation did, with the SPAD of chlorophyll in W2 and N2 being the
highest (66.2) at the beginning of the fruiting stage. The impact of the layouts of pipeline was least, and no
significant difference was found between the three layouts. 【Conclusion】 Optimally coupling irrigation and
nitrogen application not only promoted tomato growth, but also improved the yield. For our experiments, the optimal
drip fertigation was one lateral pipeline between two plant rows, irrigating 70% of ET0 and fertilizing 240 kg/hm2 of
nitrogen, which gave the highest yield 107 104.0 kg/hm2.