| 其他摘要 | Modern greenhouse agriculture has been widely applied throughout the world,
since it has broken through the traditional agriculture limitation which is influenced
by factors such as region, climate as well as season, so as to provide suitable and
favorable environmental conditions for crop growth. The practical experiences
concluded by developed countries like Israel and American indicate that
informatization and intelligentization of greenhouse irrigation management has
significant influence on saving energy and water, liberating labour and improving
product quality. The accurate diagnosis of crop water status is the important
precondition for automatic and precise irrigation in greenhouse. The scientific
diagnosis of crop water status and precise control for irrigation in our country started
relatively late. Irrigation decision relating a lot kind of greenhouse crops were still
mainly rely on experiences, or just rely on measuring soil water content to diagnose
crop water status. Inherent factors in crops were rarely considered. Through querying
and collecting associated theory and latest research conducted by agricultural experts,
we have constructed professional knowledge system which best suit irrigating
greenhouse crops. Meanwhile various kinds of scientific and reliable diagnosis
models which suit greenhouse crops were selected, diagnosis irrigating system which
was low-costing, easy to exploit, widely applied and also with high stability was
developed. The main research contents and results are described as follows:
(1) Considering various factors that influence diagnosis of crop water
deficit, combining special microclimate environmental characteristics in
greenhouses, this paper has selected four reliable and super suitable models diagnose crop water deficit in greenhouses, including soil water method, canopy leaf-air
temperature method, diagnosis method base on Penman-Monteith equation as well as
crop stem diameter micro-variation method. Among them, diagnosis method base on
Penman-Monteith equation was conducted according to water balance principle, using
moderated Penman-Monteith equation suitable for greenhouses to calculate reference
crop evapotranspiration and soil water content at the end of every day combining
water balance theory, then diagnose water deficit condition by comparing with soil
water lower limit.
(2) Basing on different characters of latent parameters like proper water status
crop factors with different growth stages and different environmental conditions,
using MySQL database management system, we have designed the irrigation
management database system of greenhouse crop, as so to offer technique platform of
improving the accuracy and efficiency of crop water diagnosis in greenhouses.
(3) By applying Borland C++ Builder(XE2)soft development platform、
MySQL(5.1)data base management system, we have researched and developed
intelligent diagnosis system of crop water status in greenhouses with high universality
and friendly interface. Users only need to input basic parameters required and select
suitable diagnostic model, the system can accurately diagnose present water deficit
condition of crops by accessing crop environment information in time. At the same
time, irrigation requirement can also be calculated to offering reliable decision basis
of intelligently control irrigation in greenhouses. The system has integrated four
diagnostic models of crop water and the applicability has been improved, all these
made it beneficial to put into application. By experimental application of water deficit
diagnose of greenhouse tomato, we have verified the stability of system operation、
liability of diagnosis and simplicity of operation.
(4) Taking greenhouse crop water deficit diagnosis system as kernel, by
developing greenhouse crop information collecting system based on Zigbee wireless
transmission and irrigating execute terminal, we have established remote control
platform of greenhouse intelligence irrigation so as to realize intelligent irrigating
effect to crops that is in time and accurate. Moreover, the sharing of resources was
realized through utilizing the Internet, which allowed common managers of greenhouses to make use of the platform to conduct remote control management of
greenhouse crop irrigation.
Key Words：greenhouse crop; water deficit; intelligent; diagnosis system;
control platform |
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