水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

为探求多沙粗沙区沙黄土坡面细沟侵蚀发生过程中的水动力学特性，研究了3 种坡度( 3°、9°、15°) 、
5 种流量( 2. 4L/min、3. 6L/min、4. 8L/min、6. 0L/min、7. 2L/min) 组合冲刷试验的坡面细沟水力要素的变化规
律。结果表明，沙黄土细沟水流平均流速和放水流量与水力坡度间存在幂函数关系; 试验床面形态属于动平
床过渡区，土壤黏粒含量愈大，沟床愈趋向于低能态区延伸，随着中值粒径的增加水流愈向高能态区发展。弗
劳德数变化在0. 96 ～ 1. 30 之间，水流流态多属于急流; 雷诺数主要在307 ～ 1 465 之间变化，属于过渡区范
畴; 阻力系数与雷诺数之间并无显著关系，主要与床面中值粒径或者黏粒含量有关，与明渠水流中紊流粗糙区
的阻力特征比较类似，根据阻力特征分析，含沙水流已进入阻力平方区。

To explore hydrodynamics characteristics of sand loess slope rill flow，scour experiments with three
slopes ( 3°、9°、15°) and five discharges ( 2. 4L /min、3. 6L /min、4. 8L /min、6. 0L /min、7. 2L /min) combination
were conducted． Ｒesults show that a power function relation is reasonable between the average flow velocity
and discharge in the range of slope in the experiments． The slope form of test belongs to the flat bed transition
zone，and Froude numbers roughly change between 0. 96 ～ 1. 30． The flow regime belongs to the rapids．
Ｒeynolds numbers are mainly between 307 ～ 1，465，in the category of transition region． Flow regime is not
much related with slope，but is influenced by water infiltration，overland flow erosion． Analysis shows that
there was no significant relationship between resistance coefficient and Ｒeynolds number，but mainly related to
slope median size or content of clay． Bed scour hole by the crust with the comprehensive roughness is the main
factors influencing the resistance．