水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

为掌握切沟对土壤水分时空变异的影响，选取水蚀风蚀交错区两个典型切沟样点为研究对象。采用时间序
列分析和经典统计学方法，从土壤水分时间变化特征和空间分布格局两方面探讨。结果表明: 距沟道不同距离下
土壤储水量差异明显。300 cm 处样点可作为测定尺度下土壤储水量平均值。土壤水分在垂直方向上的变异受植被
特征影响，沟道影响较小。坡面土壤储水量的空间分布呈现不同的分布格局。坡顶风速大，土壤水分蒸发快，坡
中处土壤储水量最高，为949. 9 mm，距切沟越近土壤水分快速散失，坡下土壤水分接近4%，亏缺严重。杏树地土
壤储水量远高于柠条地，柠条地土壤储水量分布较为单一。土壤蒸发、植被、沟道等因素使得坡面土壤水分分布
更加复杂。

Gullies are pervasive topographic features on the Loess Plateau． We selected two typical gullies in the water-
wind erosion region of the plateau to study the effect of gullies on the spatiotemporal variability of soil-water． The
distribution and variation of soil-water storage were evaluated using time-series analysis and classical statistical methods．
Soil-water storage varied with distance to the gully borders． The spatial average soil-water in the study sites was
300 cm from the border． soil-water in the vertical direction was mostly dependent on the vegetation，and the gullies
had little impact． The spatial distribution of soil-water at a slope scale presented different patterns． Strong upland
winds increased the evaporation of soil-water，which rapidly dissipated． Soil-water storage at mid-slope near the gullies
was as high as 949. 9 mm． The bottom of the slopes had soil-water deficits of 4%． Soil-water storage was much
higher in an apricot orchard than in shrubland dominated by Caragana korshinskii Kom． Soil evaporation，vegetation
type，and the gullies increased the complexity of the pattern of soil-water．