水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

植被类型对黄土高原土壤质量的改善具有重要的作用，而土壤碳、氮、磷生态化学计量
比是体现生态系统变化过程的重要依据。研究森林、森林草原、草原植被类型对土壤碳、氮、磷
含量及其生态化学计量学特征的影响，对于深入认识黄土高原植被恢复对土壤质量的改良、完
善生态化学计量学理论和准确评价植被恢复的生态环境效益具有重要的现实意义。延河流域
是黄河的一级支流，自然环境脆弱，植被破坏和土壤侵蚀严重，因此，论文选取延河流域为研究
对象，分析不同植被类型对土壤碳、氮、磷养分和生态化学计量学特征的影响。结果表明：3种
植被带下，表层土壤有机碳、全氮含量显著高于下层土壤，森林带>森林草原带>草原带；森林草
原带、草原带下土壤全磷含量在两层土壤中差异不显著，森林植被对土壤碳、氮、磷具有显著的
累积作用，对于提高土壤碳、氮、磷含量具有重要的意义。土壤C∶N在3种植被带下较为稳定，
土壤有机碳与全氮存在极显著的正相关关系（P<0.01）；土壤C∶P、N∶P受植被类型的影响较大，
森林带显著高于森林草原带和草原带，土壤C∶P、N∶P和C∶N之间存在极显著的正相关关系
（P<0.01）。总体来说，植被恢复对土壤质量的改善作用明显，森林植被对该区土壤碳、氮、磷等
养分含量的累积作用较好，森林植被具有较大的N∶P，其植被生长主要受P含量的限制；草原植
被与森林草原植被N∶P比较低，其植被生长主要受N含量的限制。

The Loess Plateau in China is one of the most eroded areas in the world.
Accordingly, the“Grain-for-Green Program”was implemented on a large scale by the central
government from 1999; vegetation restoration has been implemented in this area to remedy the
soil degradation problem. Vegetation type plays an essential role in ecosystem recovery and
affects soil quality, especially soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents.
Nutrient stoichiometry has been successfully used to indicate community succession and
vegetation restoration in recent years. Studies on the effects of different vegetation types on soil
C, N and P stoichiometry are helpful to understand the relationships between vegetation
restoration and soil quality, and also beneficial to understand the processes and functions of the
ecological system. The Yanhe River is a tributary of the Yellow River and the Yanhe watershed
has fragile ecological environment, limited vegetation and serious soil erosion. We chose the
Yanhe watershed as the subject of this study because there are different vegetation zones in the
watershed, including trees, shrubs, grasses and different combinations of the three types of
vegetation. The effects of vegetation (Forest, Forest-Grass, and Grass zones) on soil C, N, and
P stoichiometry in Yanhe watershed were studied in this paper. Soil and vegetation were
surveyed in 115 sample sites from 9 watersheds, with 24 sample sites in the Forest zones, 58
sample sites in the Forest-Grass zones and 33 sample sites in the Grass zones. We collected
soils at the 0-10 and 10-20 cm soil layers, and analyzed total organic C, total N and total P of
the soil. The results showed that type of vegetation had significant effects on soil properties.