ISWC OpenIR  > 水保所知识产出(1956---)
土石山区不同农作方式下坡面径流氮素流失过程
刘晓君; 李占斌; 宋晓强; 同新奇; 张铁钢
2015
发表期刊水土保持学报
卷号29期号:1页码:80-85,291
摘要

采用人工模拟降雨方法研究裸地( BL )、花生( PL )、
50% 裸地 +50% 花生( BP )、 50% 玉米 +50% 花生
( CP )和秸秆覆盖( SC ) 5 种农作方式下,丹江鹦鹉沟小流域坡面小区径流氮素流失规律。结果表明:地表
径流总量表现为裸地 BL>SC>CP>BP>PL ;随降雨时间延续,地表径流均呈不同程度增加趋势,其中 BL
小区增长速度最快, BP 措施下出流时间最长(降雨后第 6min ),花生立地条件下每 5min 地表径流变化稳
定在 0.30~3.46L 之间。径流中氮素流失浓度表现为 BP>CP>PL>BL>SC ,随时间呈波动增加趋势,
沿坡面由上至下表现为先减小后增加。受农作方式的影响,氮素流失在时间、空间上变化规律不同;总氮、
硝态氮流失浓度最大增幅分别可达 45.54% 和 55.79% ,流失量分别在 15.90~110.81mg / m

和 15.58~
90.33mg / m

之间;径流中氮素浓度的变异性略大于对应的地表径流。农作方式与硝态氮呈正相关,与总
氮相关性不显著。在鹦鹉沟小流域农田养分流失不容忽视,需进一步采取有效的水土保持措施。秸秆覆
盖措施既能有效保持土壤养分,又可保证入河径流量,是值得推荐的水保措施。

其他摘要

n this study , the loss of nitrogen ( N ) with different agricultural practices ( AP ) was studied by field
simulated rainfall in Yingwugou watershed , Dan River.Results indicated that the order of amount of surface
runoff was that bare land ( BL ) >straw cover ( SC ) >50% corn+50% peanut ( CP ) >50% bare land + 50%
peanut ( BP ) >peanut land ( PL ) .The initial runoff
- yielding time was different between five kinds of AP and
had no significant effects on the volume of surface runoff.With the increase of rainfall time , surface runoff
under different coverage increased with different trends.In the beginning , the surface runoff increased
stably.At the mid - to late of the rainfall , the fluctuation of surface runoff became bigger.The surface runoff
increased under different stocking rates with the rainfall time and the runoff per 5min ranged from 1.48Lto
20.66Lon bare land which had the highest growth rate.The nitrogen concentration in surface runoff with
different AP increased in fluctuation with rainfall time , and followed the order of BP>CP>PL>BL>SC.
Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the five kinds of AP.As a soil and water conservation
measures in water source area , straw mulching not only ensure abundant water but also conserve soil nutrient
effectively.The concentration of N loss increased in fluctuation with rainfall time which the largest range for
total N and nitrate N were 45.54% , 55.79% , respectively.From top to bottom of the slope , the N loss  decreased firstly , and then increased.For all the sampling points of the slope
, the concentration of N loss
increased at the early and middle stage of rainfall.But the stabilization had been gradually
achieved at the
later stage.Under the five kinds of conditions , the amounts of TN and nitrate N loss were in the 15.90~
110.81mg
/ m
2 and 15.58~90.33mg
/ m
2 respectively.Even though the straw mulching
could reduce the
runoff , the nutrient loss under the straw mulching was not the least.Therefore ,
only combing
with other
measures of soil and water conservation can improve the capacity of holding water and soil nutrient.The
variability of nutrient loss was higher than that of surface runoff which indicated that the nutrient loss was
more likely to be affected by
environmental factors.According to the correlation analysis , the AP was
positively related with nitrate N and had no obvious correlation with total N.This indicated that more
attention should be paid to the nutrient loss on farmland in Yingwugou watershed , and effective measures
must be adopted.As a soil and water conservation measures in water source area , straw mulching not only
ensure abundant water but also conserve soil nutrient effectively in Yingwugou watershed.For reasonable
and targeted watershed management , various measures should be combined.

收录类别中文核心期刊要目总览
语种中文
文献类型期刊论文
条目标识符sbir.nwafu.edu.cn/handle/361005/8442
专题水保所知识产出(1956---)
作者单位1.中国科学院水利部黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西 杨凌 712100
2.西安理工大学 西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地,西安 710048
3.陕西省水土保持局,西安 710004
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
刘晓君,李占斌,宋晓强,等. 土石山区不同农作方式下坡面径流氮素流失过程[J]. 水土保持学报,2015,29(1):80-85,291.
APA 刘晓君,李占斌,宋晓强,同新奇,&张铁钢.(2015).土石山区不同农作方式下坡面径流氮素流失过程.水土保持学报,29(1),80-85,291.
MLA 刘晓君,et al."土石山区不同农作方式下坡面径流氮素流失过程".水土保持学报 29.1(2015):80-85,291.
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