水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法对关中平原小麦-玉米轮作( 2014—2015 年) 农田温室气体( CO2、CH4
和N2O) 排
放通量进行监测，并用净增温潜势( NGWP) 和碳足迹2 个指标评估不同覆膜方式对关中平原农田温室效应、作物
生产碳足迹的分布和构成的影响。试验处理设置为不覆膜( CK) 、半膜覆盖( BM) 、垄作覆膜( LM) 、全膜覆盖
( QM) 。结果表明，与CK 处理相比，BM、LM、QM 处理下作物年际总产量分别增加了9. 0%、16. 5%、26. 6%; CO2
的
年际排放总量分别增加了33. 9%、9. 3%、31. 6%，N2O 的年际排放总量分别增加了22. 9%、14. 3%、47. 1%，但CH4
的年际吸收总量无显著性差异; NGWP 分别增加了9. 0%、16. 7%、26. 0%; LM、QM 处理碳足迹较CK 处理减少了
33. 2%、21. 9%，而BM 处理碳足迹与CK 处理无显著差异; BM 处理单位产量碳足迹较CK 处理增加了16. 3%，而
LM 处理较CK 处理减少了13. 1%，QM 处理与CK 处理无显著性差异。综合考虑不同覆膜方式的经济效应和环境
效应，垄作覆膜更有利于关中平原小麦-玉米轮作系统的固碳减排。

The greenhouse gases such as methane ( CH4
) ，nitrous oxide ( N2O) ，and carbon dioxide
( CO2
) were increased in atmospheric concentration since 1750，which attracted more and more attention
regarding climate change． Agriculture activities contributed to the increase of greenhouse gas
concentration in the atmosphere，resulting in high global warming potential，which was estimated to
contribute about 47% ～ 58% of the total anthropogenic emissions of CH4 and N2O． Film mulching is
reported to be a significant agricultural factor which greatly affected greenhouse gas ( GHG) emissions
and the carbon footprint． The annual GHG emissions ( CO2
，CH4 and N2O) from a wheat-maize rotation
system during 2014—2015 were monitored by using the static opaque chamber and gas chromatography
technique in Guanzhong Plain of China． Four mulching treatments were no mulching ( CK) ，semi-film
mulching ( BM) ，ridge-furrow planting with film mulching over ridge ( LM) and whole film mulching
( QM) ． Net global warming potential ( NGWP) and carbon footprint were used to evaluate the effect of
film mulching on GHG emissions and composition of carbon footprint production． The results showed that
compared with CK，the BM，LM and QM treatments increased annual crop yield by 9. 0%，16. 5% and
26. 6%，respectively． Similarly，the BM，LM and QM treatments increased annual CO2 emission by33. 9%，9. 3% and 31. 6% and annual N2O emission by 22. 9%，14. 3% and 47. 1%，respectively．
However，annual CH4 emissions showed no significant difference compared with CK． In addition，NGWP
was increased by 9. 0%，16. 7% and 26. 0%，respectively． The carbon footprint of LM and QM
treatments was 33. 2% and 21. 9% lower than that of CK，while BM treatment showed no significant
difference compared with CK． Compared with carbon footprint per unit crop yield of CK，that of BM
treatment was increased by 16. 3%，while that of LM treatment was decreased by 13. 1%． Meanwhile，
QM treatment showed no significant difference． Considering both the economic and environmental effects
of different mulching treatments，ridge-furrow planting with film mulching over ridge in the wheat-maize
rotation system was recommended for carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas reduction in Guanzhong
Plain of China with the purposes of water saving and carbon sequestration．