关中平原冬小麦临界氮稀释曲线和氮营养指数研究

doi:10． 6041 /j． issn． 1000- 1298． 2015． 10． 023

ISWC OpenIR > 水保所科研产出（EI） > 2015年EI

	关中平原冬小麦临界氮稀释曲线和氮营养指数研究
其他题名	Critical nitrogen dilution curve and nitrogen nutrition index of winter wheat in Guanzhong Plain
	李正鹏 1; 冯浩 2,3; 宋明丹 1,3; 冯浩
文章类型	article
	2015-10-25
发表期刊	Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery(农业机械学报)
通讯作者邮箱	nercwsi@ vip． sina． com
卷号	46 期号:10 页码:177-183 and 273
摘要	在整理分析关中平原 7 年氮肥大田试验的基础上，分析比较了不同氮肥处理下冬小麦的氮浓度稀释曲线，并构建了关中平原主栽品种小偃 22 地上部生物量的临界氮浓度稀释曲线模型。结果表明: 不施氮、氮肥不足、氮肥适宜和过量施氮 4 组处理的平均产量分别为 4 263、 5 097、 6 023、 6 203 kg /hm2 ，氮肥不足处理显著降低了小麦产量，过量施氮与氮肥适宜处理相比产量没有显著差异。植株氮浓度均随生物量增加而降低，较高的施氮量导致较高的植株氮浓度。关中平原冬小麦临界氮浓度与地上部最大生物量符合幂函数关系。利用氮营养指数 NNI( 植株实际测定的氮浓度与临界氮浓度的比值) 和 2010—2011 年冬小麦季的独立试验资料对建立的临界氮稀释曲线进行检验，结果表明: 不施氮、氮肥不足、氮肥适宜和过量施氮 4 组处理的 NNI 值分别为 0. 70、 0. 89、 1. 01 和 1. 25; 关中平原各试验地土壤肥力差异较大，冬小麦适宜施氮量为 75 ～ 180 kg /hm2 ，平均为 137 kg /hm2。该研究建立的临界氮稀释模型的准确性较高，所得出的分析结果可靠，可以用于诊断和调控冬小麦氮素营养。
其他摘要	The critical nitrogen concentration in plant was defined as the minimum nitrogen concentration required for maximum plant above-ground biomass． By collecting and analyzing seven-site-year field experiments with various nitrogen application rates according to certain criteria，the critical nitrogen concentration dilution curve was constructed for the main winter wheat variety“Xiaoyan 22 ”in Guanzhong Plain．The relationship between maximum above-ground biomass and critical nitrogen concentration of winter wheat could be described by a negative power function． The nitrogen dilution curves affected by different nitrogen treatments were evaluated and compared．Results showed that increased nitrogen supply generally resulted in a greater nitrogen concentration． The winter wheat yield with zero，deficient，suitable and excess nitrogen were 4 263，5097， 6023 and 6203 kg /hm2，respectively． Nitrogen deficiency would reduce wheat yield， however， there was no significant difference between the yield of excessive and suitable nitrogen application treatments． The dilution curve was validated with independent experiment data ( 2010—2011) through nitrogen nutrition index ( NNI) ，which was defined as the ratio of measured to critical nitrogen concentrations． The results showed that the NNI value with zero， deficit， suitable and excess nitrogen application treatments were 0. 70， 0. 89， 1.01 and 1.25， respectively． Wheat would get nutrition imbalance when nitrogen was used only as a base fertilizer and even reduce crop yield with excess nitrogen application． The suitable nitrogen application rate was 75 ～ 180 kg /hm2( averagely 137 kg /hm2) for winter wheat in Guanzhong Plain due to the variety of soil productivity． The critical nitrogen dilution curve could be used as a diagnostic tool to detect wheat nitrogen nutrition， and it also provides a key technical approach for guiding nitrogen fertilization practices and management in wheat production in Guanzhong Plain．
关键词	冬小麦(Winter Wheat) 临界氮浓度(Critical Nitrogen Concentration) 氮营养诊断(Nitrogen Nutrition Diagnosis) 关中平原 (Guanzhong Plain) 优化施氮(Nitrogen Optimization)
DOI	10． 6041 /j． issn． 1000- 1298． 2015． 10． 023
收录类别	EI
语种	中文
资助项目	国家高技术研究发展计划( 863 计划) 资助项目 ; 高等学校学科创新引智计划( 111 计划) 资助项目
所属项目编号	2013AA102904 ; B12007
分类号	S365; S512. 1(中图分类号)
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	sbir.nwafu.edu.cn/handle/361005/7740
专题	水保所科研产出（EI）_2015年EI
通讯作者	冯浩
作者单位	1.西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所，陕西杨凌 712100 2.中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所，陕西杨凌 712100 3.西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院，陕西杨凌 712100
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李正鹏,冯浩,宋明丹,等. 关中平原冬小麦临界氮稀释曲线和氮营养指数研究[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery(农业机械学报),2015,46(10):177-183 and 273.
APA	李正鹏,冯浩,宋明丹,&冯浩.(2015).关中平原冬小麦临界氮稀释曲线和氮营养指数研究.Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery(农业机械学报),46(10),177-183 and 273.
MLA	李正鹏,et al."关中平原冬小麦临界氮稀释曲线和氮营养指数研究".Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery(农业机械学报) 46.10(2015):177-183 and 273.

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