水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

Worldwide solar dimming from the 1960s to the 1980s has been widely recognized, but the
occurrence of solar brightening since the late 1980s is still under debate—particularly in China. This
study aims to properly examine the biases of urbanization in the observed sunshine duration series
from 1987 to 2016 and explore the related driving factors based on five meteorological stations around
Hangzhou City, China. The results inferred a weak and insignificant decreasing trend in annual
mean sunshine duration ( − 0.09 h/d decade − 1 ) from 1987 to 2016 in the Hangzhou region, indicating
a solar dimming tendency. However, large differences in sunshine duration changes between rural,
suburban, and urban stations were observed on the annual, seasonal, and monthly scales, which
can be attributed to the varied urbanization effects. Using rural stations as a baseline, we found
evident urbanization effects on the annual mean sunshine duration series at urban and suburban
stations—particularly in the period of 2002–2016. The effects of urbanization on the annual mean
sunshine duration trends during 1987 − 2016 were estimated to be − 0.16 and − 0.35 h/d decade − 1 at
suburban and urban stations, respectively. For urban stations, the strongest urbanization effect was
observed in summer ( − 0.46 h/d decade − 1 ) on the seasonal scale and in June ( − 0.63 h/d decade − 1 )
on the monthly scale. The notable negative impact of urbanization on local solar radiation changes
was closely related to the changes in anthropogenic pollutions, which largely reduced the estimations
of solar radiation trends in the Hangzhou region. This result highlights the necessity to carefully
consider urbanization impacts when analyzing the trend in regional solar radiation and designing
cities for sustainable development.