水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

BACKGROUND:Poorinferiorkernelgrainfillingisachallengethatlimitssummermaizeyield.The effectand mechanismofcon-
servationtillageonimprovinggrainfillingofinferiorkernelinsemi-aridrainedareasremainuncertainandtherehasbeenlittle
researchon tillage managementintegrated withstrawmulching toimprove soilwatercontent and photosynthesis intheLoess
Plateauregion.A2year(2019–2020)fieldexperimentwasestablishedtostudytheimpact oftillagepractices onsoilwatercon-
tent and summer maize root system morphology, photosynthetic capacity, inferior kernel grain filling, and grain yield. Treat-
ments included reduced tillage (RT), no tillage (NT), and conventional tillage (CT).
RESULTS: Under RT and NT, the final 100-kernel weight and maximum and mean grain filling rates were higher than
CT. Reduced tillage and NT increased soilwater content at the jointing stage, silking stage and grain filling stage incomparison
with CT. They increased root system morphology and dry matter accumulation, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration effi-
ciency, and stomatal conductance in comparison with CT, and they also decreased intercellular CO 2 concentration, and they
increased chlorophyll content and above-ground dry matter accumulation in comparison with CT. Reduced tillage and NT
increased evapotranspiration of maize, and ultimately, increased grain yield by 17% and 14%, respectively, in comparison
with CT.