水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

生物结皮在荒漠生态系统中发挥着重要的生态功能，不同类型生物结皮有机体组成和比例不同，生态功能差
异巨大。针对毛乌素沙地发育稳定阶段的藓、藻结皮，通过野外调查监测及室内指标测算，深入分析了两类生物结
皮对土壤含水量、风蚀量和养分含量的影响尺度，并采用综合指标评价模型定量比较了二者的生态功能差异。结
果表明：（1）两类生物结皮下土壤含水量随着土层深度呈现出先增大后波动下降的趋势，0—100 cm深度两类生物
结皮下的土壤含水量差异显著（P<0.05），在0—80 cm深度，藓结皮的土壤含水量大于藻结皮，在90—100 cm则相
反；（2）相比裸地，藓结皮和藻结皮影响下土壤风蚀量分别降低了156.0%和136.6%，但二者未达到显著差异；（3）两
类结皮影响下土壤养分含量差异显著（P<0.05），表现为藓结皮下土壤全氮、全磷、有机质含量分别为藻结皮的3.3、
3.5、2倍；（4）生物结皮生态功能综合得分藓结皮>藻结皮>裸地（1.60>-0.64>-9.78）。本研究证实了荒漠生态系统
中不同类型生物结皮生态功能的差异及其在保持水土和营养物质循环方面贡献程度的优劣，突出了在生物结皮探
索工作中关于其类型或组成精准细分的重要性。

Biological soil crust plays an important ecological function in desert ecosystems，but different types
of biological soil crust have great differences in ecological functions due to their different compositions and pro‐
portions of organisms. This article is intended for the development of stable moss and algae crust in Mu Us Sandy
Land，through field survey monitoring and indoor index determination，in-depth analysis of the influence scale
of two types of biological crust on soil water content，wind erosion，nutrient content，and establishing a compre‐
hensive evaluation model quantitatively contrasts the ecological function differences between the two. The results
show that：（1）the soil water content of the two types of the biological soil crust increases first and then decreas‐
es fluctuating with the increase of soil depth. There is a significant （P<0.05）difference in soil water content be‐
tween the two biological soil crusts，which indicates that the soil water content of moss crust is greater than that
of algae crust in the depth range of 0-80 cm，and the opposite is true in the depth range between 90-100 cm；
（2）compared with bare land，the soil wind erosion under the influence of moss crust and algae crust decreased
by 156.0% and 136.6%，respectively，but there is no significant difference between them；（3）the soil nutrient
content under the influence of the two types of crust is significantly different（P<0.05），showing that the total ni‐
trogen，total phosphorus，and organic matter content of the soil under the moss crust are 3.3 times，3.5 times，
and 2 times of the algal crust，respectively；（4）the comprehensive scoring order of ecological functions of differ‐
ent types of biological crust is：moss crust>algal crust>bare land（1.60>-0.64>-9.78）. This study confirmed the
differences in the ecological functions of different types of biological soil crust in desert ecosystems，and their
contribution to maintaining the circulation of soil，water and nutrients，highlighting the accurate classification of
their types or compositions in exploring the importance of biological soil crust.