水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

为了提高地膜春小麦的千粒质量及产量，以河套灌区春小麦常规灌溉为对照，在地膜春小麦抽穗期分别补
充灌溉90、70和50 mm水量，监测不同补灌量对土壤水分和地膜春小麦生长的影响。结果表明：抽穗期补充灌溉
提高了地膜春小麦在扬花期、灌浆期及成熟期的土壤水分含量，且补灌量越大，土壤水分含量和土壤水分蒸散强
度越高，春小麦的成熟期越晚，不孕小穗数越少，千粒质量及产量越高。而补灌量越少，春小麦的增产强度越高，
但补充灌溉对地膜春小麦的经济系数、土壤水分利用效率、土壤水分生产效率无显著影响。总体而言，河套灌区
地膜春小麦抽穗期补充灌溉50～70 mm水量，可有效提高地膜春小麦的千粒质量及产量。

In order to increase the 1 000-grain mass and yield of film-mulched spring wheat in Hetao irrigation
area, we monitored the effects of different supplementary irrigation amounts of 90, 70 and 50 mm water during
the heading stage, respectively, on soil moisture and growth of film-mulched spring wheat, taking the
conventional irrigation as the control. The results showed that the soil moisture content of film-mulched spring
wheat increased at the flowering stage, filling stage and maturity stage by different supplementary irrigation
amounts during the heading stage; and the higher the supplementary irrigation amounts were, the higher the soil
moisture content and soil moisture evapotranspiration strength, the later the maturity of spring wheat, the less the
number of sterile spikelets, and the higher the 1 000-grain mass and grain yields were. The smaller the supple-
mentary irrigation amounts were, the higher the yield increase intensity was, but the different supplementary
irrigation amounts during the heading stage had no significant effect on the economic coefficient, soil water use
efficiency and soil water production efficiency of film-mulched spring wheat. In conclusion, the water quantity of
irrigation 50-70 mm should be supplemented in the Hetao irrigation area during the heading stage, which can
effectively increase the 1 000-grain mass and yield of film-mulched spring wheat.