水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

研究 CO 2 浓度和温度升高对作物各生育期土壤氧化还原酶活性的影响，有助于分析气候变化对土壤养分循环过
程的影响。本研究结合人工气候室和盆栽控制实验，模拟 3 种气候情景（当前环境 CO 2 浓度和温度、仅 CO 2 浓度升高、
CO 2 浓度和温度均升高）和 2 种水分条件（充分供水和轻度干旱），研究了谷子（Setaria italica）开花期、开花后 10 d、
灌浆期和收获期 4 个生育期土壤氧化还原酶活性对 CO 2 浓度升高和增温的响应。结果表明，CO 2 浓度由 400 μmol mol −1
升至 700 μmol mol −1 显著抑制了土壤过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性，二者降幅分别为 2.86% ~ 7.99% 和 8.63% ~ 27.00%；
而温度由 22 ℃ 增加到 26 ℃ 显著增加了土壤过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性，二者增幅分别为 2.10% ~ 9.83% 和 10.03% ~
24.96%；CO 2 浓度升高和增温的交互作用对两种土壤酶活性的影响在谷子 4 个生育期均无显著影响。谷子生育期对土壤
氧化还原酶活性有显著影响，CO 2 浓度升高与生育期的交互作用对两种土壤氧化还原酶活性均有显著影响，但增温与生
育期交互作用仅对土壤多酚氧化酶活性有显著影响。冗余分析（RDA）结果显示，土壤 NH 4 + 和 MBN 对土壤多酚氧化酶
活性的变化有较高的解释度。CO 2 浓度升高抑制土壤氧化还原酶活性，增温提高土壤氧化还原酶活性，两者在多数谷子
生育期表现为拮抗作用；谷子生育期影响土壤氧化还原酶活性对气候变化的响应；土壤有效 N 含量是影响土壤多酚氧化
酶活性的重要因素。

 Studying the effects of CO 2 concentration and temperature elevation on soil oxidoreductase enzyme
activities during different crop periods is helpful to analyze the effects of climate change on soil nutrient cycle
processes. This study investigated the response of soil oxidoreductase enzyme activities to CO 2 concentration increase
and temperature increase at four millet (Setaria italica) growth stages, including anthesis, 10 d after anthesis, grain
filling and maturity stages, respectively, by combining artificial climate chamber and pot control experiments,
simulating three climate scenarios (current environmental CO 2 concentration and temperature, only elevated CO 2
concentration, CO 2 concentration and temperature elevation) and two water conditions (adequate water supply and
mild drought). The results showed that the increase of CO 2 concentration from 400 to 700 μmol·mol −1 significantly
inhibited soil catalase and polyphenol oxidase activities, they were respectively reduced 2.86%-7.99% and 8.63%-
27.00%. Temperature increased 4 ℃ significantly promoted soil catalase and polyphenol oxidase activities, they were
respectively increased 2.10%-9.83% and 10.03%-24.96%. Interaction between increased CO 2 concentration and
warmth had no significant effect on the activity of two soil enzymes during the four growth stages of millet. The
growth periods of millet had a significant effect on soil oxidoreductase activities. Moreover, the interaction between
increased CO 2 concentration and growth stages had a significant effect on the soil oxidoreductase activities, but it
between temperature increase and growth stages only had a significant effect on soil polyphenol oxidase activity. The
results of redundant analysis (RDA) showed that soil NH 4 + and MBN had high degree of explanation for changes of
soil polyphenol oxidase activity. Elevated CO 2 concentration inhibited soil oxidoreductase enzyme activities, while
elevated temperature increased soil oxidoreductase activities. The effects of the CO 2 concentration and temperature
elevation on soil oxidoreductase activity presented an antagonism in most millet growth stages. Millet growth stages
affected the response of soil oxidoreductase enzyme activity to climate change. Soil available N content was an
important factor affecting the activity of soil polyphenol oxidase.