为了减少地膜春小麦生长前期的冗长生长量，提高地膜春小麦的千粒重及产量，试验以河套灌区地膜春
小麦的常规灌溉时期为对照，将地膜春小麦生长前期的灌溉，即分蘖期和孕穗初期的灌溉分别延迟 10、15 和 20 d，监
测前期灌溉延迟对扬花期、灌浆期和成熟期的土壤水分及地膜春小麦生长的影响。结果表明前期灌溉延迟提高了扬
花期、灌浆期和成熟期的土壤水分，且延迟越晚，土壤水分越高;前期灌溉延迟降低了地膜春小麦的分蘖力，提高了分
蘖成穗力，减少了不孕小穗数，提高了穗粒数、千粒重及籽粒产量，提高了土壤水分利用效率和水分产出率，其中分蘖
期和孕穗初期的灌溉分别延迟 15 d 的效果最佳。河套灌溉地膜春小麦生长前期的灌溉应在地膜春小麦拔节孕穗期
和孕穗抽穗期，即比当地地膜春小麦的灌溉延迟 15 d 左右。
其他摘要
In order to reduce the verbosity growth at prophase and increase the 1000－grain weight and yield of film mulching spring wheat in
Hetao irrigation area，the experiment took conventional irrigation stage as the control，the irrigation time of prophase growth period，i．e．
tillering stage irrigation (the first irrigation) and booting stage irrigation (the second irrigation) was postponed by 10，15 and 20 d
respectively，and the effects of prophase irrigation postponed on the soil moisture and the growth of film mulching spring wheat were monitored
in Hetao irrigation area． The results showed that postponed prophase irrigation increased the soil moisture at flowering，filling and maturing
stage; the later the prophase irrigation stage，the higher the soil moisture; the postponed prophase irrigation reduced the tillering ability，
improved the ability of spike formation，reduced the number of infertility spikelet，improved grain numbers per spike，improved 1 000－grain
weight and yield，and improved the soil water use efficiency and soil water production efficiency of film mulching spring wheat; among the
different treatments，irrigation delay of 15 days at tillering stage and early booting stage had the best effect． The first and the second irrigation
stage of film mulching spring wheat in Hetao irrigation area should be postponed at the joint－boot stage and the boot－head stage，i．e，about
15 days later than the conventional irrigation stage．
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