水保所知识产出(1956---)知识库

为探究生物炭对土壤结构和肥力的影响，在土壤中添加 5 种不同比例的生物炭，分别为 10、30、50、70、90 t/
hm 2 ，以不添加生物炭作为对照试验，从土壤团聚体组成和土壤钾离子含量变化，分析土壤团聚体结构、不同状态钾素含
量。结果表明:在杨凌地区，添加生物炭后，土壤机械稳定性团聚体结构发生变化，土壤 0．5～0．25 mm、5～3 mm、7～5 mm 粒
径机械稳定性团聚体含量显著改变。生物炭提升机械稳定性团聚体稳定性。但是生物炭对土壤水稳性团聚体稳定性未见
显著改变。生物炭施用量和土壤速效、有效、交换性、水溶性钾表现为指数相关关系。添加生物炭后，生菜显著增产，单棵
植株重量增加了 0．33～2．23 g。考虑到购买生物炭的成本，陕西杨凌地区，推荐在土壤中添加 30 或 50 t/hm 2 生物炭。

In order to explore the effects of biochar on soil structure and fertility，five biochar additions，10，30，50，70，90 t/hm 2 ，were
selected with a 0 t/hm 2 as the control treatment． The soil structure and the status of potassium are analyzed from the perspective of soil
aggregates combination and different kinds of soil potassium contents． The results show that the biochar affects the structure of soil mechanical
stability agglomeration of Yangling，and significantly changes the mechanical stability aggregate combinations whose sizes are 0．5～0．25，5～
3 and 7～5 mm． Biochar increases the stability of soil mechanical agglomerates． However，biochar has no significant effect on the stability of
water－stable aggregates． Available potassium ions，effective potassium，exchangeable potassium ions and water－soluble potassium ions are
exponentially related to biochar additions． Biochar increases lettuce yield significantly，with every plant added 0．33 to 2．23 g． Considering the
cost of biochar，it is wise to use 30 or 50 t/hm 2 biochar in Yangling area in Shaanxi．